Graduations, proms, confirmations, Mother’s Day: All special occasions when flowers make a wonderful gift.

We can keep that special moment alive by prolonging those flowers up to seven to 10 days or longer with a few simple steps.

For loose bunches or boxed flowers, it’s important to prepare the flowers and the water in which they will be placed.

Upon receiving your flowers, submerge stems in warm water and cut one inch from the bottom on a slant using a sharp shears or a knife. Avoid using scissors since they can crush the stems rather than make a clean cut preventing the flowers from soaking up as much water as they need.

Remove foliage and thorns that would be submerged in the water, as they will invite harmful bacteria formation.

You can then place your freshly-cut flowers in a container of warm water and let it sit for at least one hour before arranging.

For spring flowers such as tulips, irises and daffodils, use the same procedure, but soak in ice-cold water since they prefer that instead.

The next step is to prepare the water in which the flowers will be placed. Most flowers come with a packet of floral preservative. You can purchase additional packets at your local florist.

Add the preservative to the container that you will put your flowers in and fill with warm tepid water or cold water if using spring flowers.

It is best to use a preservative to prevent any buildup of algae or fungus in the water.

A home-concoction preservative, such as putting aspirin, sugar or bleach in the water, is not recommended. They do not provide the complex mixture of nutrients and preservatives that cut flowers require.

For flower arrangements, mix the flower preservative in a separate container and keep the floral foam soaked with the preservative water.

To keep your flowers looking fresh, change the water every two to three days. Be sure to remove the bouquet from the vase and give the stems a fresh one inch cut underwater.

Wash the vase and then refill it with more floral preservative and fresh water. Removing any spent blooms as they fade keeps the arrangement looking fresh and will cut down on any contamination to the rest of the flowers.

Store your flowers in a cool spot (65 to 72 degrees Fahrenheit) in the house. A cool setting will considerably lengthen the life of your flowers.

Always keep your arrangements away from direct sunlight, drafts, and fireplaces, and do not place on top of the radiator or any heat source.

“Growing Green” is contributed by Diane Dorn, Lehigh County Extension Office Staff, and Master Gardeners. Information: Lehigh County Extension Office, 610-391-9840; Northampton County Extension Office, 610-813-6613.